Saturday, May 30, 2015

This puzzled the organizers of the experiment and to check what caused the lack of difference in pr


1924. to 1936. conducted a series of experiments related to managing people, known in the literature in management as "Hotornski experiment." First phase: Home experiment
In 1924. company Western Electric and Research Council of the US National Academy proceeded to study the influence of illumination on workplace productivity. vets in manchester For this purpose, they have begun to reduce the brightness of individual workplaces in one of the plants of the company, known as Hawthorn Works.
This puzzled the organizers of the experiment and to check what caused the lack of difference in productivity in 1927. was formed a special brigade of 6 workers. Workers were told that will participate in an important vets in manchester experiment, which aims to improve working conditions for all workers vets in manchester in the plant.
Workers were offered vets in manchester their choice foreman, then all were seated in a private room in which to them all the time, was the special observer - member team of the ongoing experiment. It not only has registered productivity and working conditions, but the task had to be interested in the mood of the members of the brigade, taking into account their comments vets in manchester and suggestions, their interpersonal vets in manchester relationships, their personal problems, etc. In individual talks with workers interested observer even issues with the intimate nature vets in manchester of their privacy.
For a year and a half in the crew changing the length of the working day, introduced a different regime of holidays, in certain periods they handed out free snacks, introduced breaks are drinking coffee. They were investigated and a number of other factors that may be relevant to labor productivity.
In 1928. in Hawthorne is invited assistant of the Higher School of business administration at Harvard Elton Mayo. He had the task to analyze and evaluate the results of the study and take further guide the experiment.
In September 1928. Elton Mayo proposes to repeal all benefits introduced in the work of the brigade and to bring it in the mode of working conditions as existed before the commencement of the trial.
Thus, the researchers concluded that the work itself, the manufacturing process and mere physical requirements have relatively little importance to other factors that have not hitherto been known to them.
Analyzing these "other factors", Elton Mayo and his colleagues came to the conclusion that they are of psychological character: Workers were convinced vets in manchester of the importance of the experiment. vets in manchester When the experiment was briefed them why make changes in working conditions. With workers counseled, like their opinion. The observer sociologist who was attached to the brigade, personally interested in the results of each worker and publicly expressed vets in manchester his satisfaction with the successes. Bill empathize vets in manchester with all the personal problems outside of work. As a result, workers in appeared sense of "social significance".
For the first time found that the increase in labor productivity is not the result of physical effort at work, but the result of the formation of "organizational social group" as well as the special relationship, the specific and effective link of the members of the brigade (group) with its leader. Phase Three: Focus on relationships
The results of the survey in the second phase give reason to move to the third phase of the experiment in which to improve the direct guidance of the people and thus to improve relations workers to their immediate work.
As a result of realization of a huge research program concludes that the productivity of labor and the status of each employee in the organization depend from both the worker and the work force.
The fourth phase of the experiment was conducted to verify the hypothesis that those who are working faster vets in manchester than others will do everything possible to get slower and unproductive colleagues to increase their productivity.
High performance workers slowed the pace of their work, not to go beyond and "group norms" established by the brigade. They do not want other members of the brigade to believe that endanger their well-being. Conclusions from the experiment Hotornskiya
The study of Hawthorne vets in manchester generally justifies Elton Mayo and his colleagues to reach the conclusion that in each plant has two types of relations: official called researchers "Formal relations," conditioned by the technical organization of production. Informal called researchers "informal relations" and personal connections that arise regardless of prescribed vets in manchester formal

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